German Grammar

Verb-final order

Subordinating conjunctions send the finite verb to the end (Ve).

Adverbial clauses

TypeLabelTypical conjunctions (examples)
timetemporalals, wenn, während, bevor, nachdem, …
causecausalweil, da, zumal, …
conditionconditionalwenn, falls, sofern, …
resultconsecutiveso dass, …
concessionconcessiveobwohl, obgleich, …
mannermodalindem, ohne dass, …
purposefinaldamit, auf dass, …

Expand each class with a conjunction list as you read.

Relative clauses

Function as attributes of a noun. Relative pronoun agrees in gender/number with the antecedent; case comes from the role inside the relative clause.

Noun clauses

Stand in for an NP:

  • subject clause
  • object clause (often dass or a w-clause)

Many of these reduce to a zu-infinitive.